A standalone Deployment Server that is not functioning with any other server roles should be able to handle up to 25,000 forwarders. In the past, customers with large deployments have set up Deployment Servers behind a load balancer and kept apps sync'd between them using tools such as Puppet or Ansible. Since 9.2.0, Splunk Deployment Servers have been architected to work as a "cluster" behind a load balancer and to keep apps and client status sync'd between them via a shared network directory. This allows any number of forwarders to be managed. For example, for an environment capturing data from 100,000 forwarders, a cluster of at least 4 Deployment Servers would be a good place to start.
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