My solution was go into the "All Fields" button on the left of the search results, change Coverage: From "All fields", to something smaller, and hit deselect all. Then run a simple search to make sure things are coming up, then go back and select just specific fields and everything starts to work. My best guess is that at some point - I had it select a huge number of fields, and doing these changes forces it to forget the huge list which fixes the issue.
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