This problem is similar to the one described in how-do-i-get-results-in-search-a-that-are-not-in-search-b. Try something like this:
sourcetype=client | eval happened_recently=if(relative_time(now(),"@d")<=_time,1,0) | eval happened_before=if(relative_time(now(),"@d")>_time,1,0) | stats sum(happened_recently) AS recent, sum(happened_before) AS before by deviceId | search recent=0 OR before=0
This will show all the deviceIds which have either shown up in the past, but not today (the "recently missing"), or show up today, but not in the past (the "recently appeared"). You can obviously tweak the final search term to show only "recently missing" or "recently appeared".
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