There is no one optimal relationship. The answer depends on the searches you are running, and the relative amount of work that can be divided between the indexers and the search head by Splunk's map-reduce framework. For example, if you run ... | stats count , almost all the work is done on the indexers, and so you can have a single search head serve many more indexers. In contrast, something like a complex ... | transaction startswith=... command will require more from the search head. If you use Verbose Mode in the timeline view, you will do things that rely more on the search head, while Fast Mode does fewer of these things.
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