The characters ( and ) in regex are used for grouping so you need to escape them if you want to match literally.
You can also use \d for digit, I find it more readable than [0-9].
Try
m/\(\d\d\d\)\s*\d\d\d-\d\d\d\d/
m/\(\d{3}\)\s*\d{3}-\d{4}/
m/\(\d+\)\s*\d+-\d+/
depending on whether you want to exactly match the number of digits and preference of style.
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