My strong suspicion is that this isn't supported. The description for the Radial guage is:
The radialGauge, like the other gauge chart types, enables the visualization of a single numerical value mapped against a range of colors that may have particular business meaning or logic. The radial gauge is similar in appearance to a speedometer in appearance; it has an arced range scale and a rotating needle.
Also, referencing the chart legend in the developers manual:
http://www.splunk.com/base/Documentation/latest/Developer/CustomChartingConfig-ChartLegend#radialgauge
Please note that the "valueStyle" property appears to be the only one that allows for modification of the value at the bottom of the gauge...but the description specifically references that you can't use this parameter to permit setting of a text string.
"valueStyle style Provides the style properties for the value at the bottom of the gauge. Note that valueStyle can be used to change the way the value displays (font, bolding, italicization, and so on.), but it can't be used to actually change the text itself. For example, you can't use valueStyle to replace the value with a specific text string. See the textBlock table for specific defaults."
If I locate anything that indicates that your use-case is supported, I'll definitely update this answer...but as of now, I don't believe it is.
... View more