We're assuming you have a bunch of different records that have q_etc as their "key", and you want the answers for all of them.
This code assumes that msg, exe, name and type are all predefined in your system:
index=foo ((type="SYSCALL" AND key="q_etc") OR type="PATH")
| table key msg type exe name
| rename COMMENT as "We have two kinds of records now"
| rename COMMENT as "type key msg exe name"
| rename COMMENT as "SYSCALL tq_etc audit(1494348060.908:689): /bin/rm NULL"
| rename COMMENT as "PATH NULL audit(1494348060.908:689): NULL passwd"
| rename COMMENT as "Roll them together by mesg, all the fields will be on one record."
| rename COMMENT as "and the type field will be multivalue with both PATH and SYSCALL."
| stats values(*) as * by msg
| table key msg type exe name
| rename COMMENT as "After verifying the above, this reformats to your output format"
| rename exe as EXE, name as FILE
| table EXE FILE
The table commands after the first one are not strictly necessary, they are just there so you will be able to understand what the data records look like at those points.
Once you've tested the above verbose code and you see that it works in your installation, and you know how it works, here's the clipped back, "just hand me the answer" version:
index=foo ((type="SYSCALL" AND key="q_etc") OR type="PATH")
| table msg exe name
| stats values(*) as * by msg
| rename exe as EXE, name as FILE
| table EXE FILE
... View more